UTILIZATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICAL EMERGENCY SERVICES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF OPPORTUNITIES FOR PUBLIC HEALTH ENHANCEMENT

Irma Yudith Ayu Puspita 1 Indonesia , Noor Lusty Putri Setiawati 1 Indonesia , Susi Mulyati 1 Indonesia , Amzal Mortin Andas 2 Indonesia
1 Institut Kesehatan Hermina, Jakarta,Indonesia
2 Bani Saleh University
Link Copied!
Published 2026-06-20
Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026) PAGES 60 - 65
DOI 10.36566/ijhsrd/Vol8.Iss1/358
Views / Downloads 153 94

Background:

Digital transformation in healthcare, particularly Artificial Intelligence (AI), has created significant opportunities to enhance emergency medical services. However, the clinical effectiveness and public health impact of AI in emergency contexts require comprehensive evidence synthesis.

Methods: This systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Literature searches were performed across six databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, CINAHL, Google Scholar) for publications from 2015 to 2025. Nine empirical studies met the inclusion criteria after rigorous selection.

Results: AI demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy (85–96%) for acute conditions such as intracranial hemorrhage and sepsis. AI implementation reduced sepsis mortality by 17% in facilities with high digital maturity. However, medical chatbots showed low accuracy (58%) and potential for harmful recommendations. Ethical issues, algorithmic bias, and infrastructure readiness emerged as major challenges.

Conclusion: AI has the potential to improve the accuracy and efficiency of emergency services, but its success depends on infrastructure readiness, ethical governance, and targeted implementation strategies.

UTILIZATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICAL EMERGENCY SERVICES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF OPPORTUNITIES FOR PUBLIC HEALTH ENHANCEMENT . (2026). INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD), 8(1), 60-65. https://doi.org/10.36566/ijhsrd/Vol8.Iss1/358
Download data is not yet available.
  1. 1. Silcox C, Zimlichman E, Huber K, Rowen N, Saunders R, McClellan M, et al. The potential for artificial intelligence to transform healthcare: perspectives from international health leaders. NPJ Digit Med. 2024;7. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-024-01097-6.
  2. 2. Kachman M, Brennan I, Oskvarek J, Waseem T, Pines JM. How artificial intelligence could transform emergency care. Am J Emerg Med. 2024;72:1-8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2024.04.001.
  3. 3. Yun TJ. Deep learning based automatic detection algorithm for acute intracranial haemorrhage: a pivotal randomized clinical trial. NPJ Digit Med. 2023;1–10. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-023-00798-8.
  4. 4. Kwong J, Nickel G, Wang SCY, Kvedar J. Integrating artificial intelligence into healthcare systems: more than just the algorithm. NPJ Digit Med. 2024;7:45. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-024-00987-1.
  5. 5. Syrowatka A, Kuznetsova M, Alsubai A, Beckman AL, Bain P, Craig K, et al. Leveraging artificial intelligence for pandemic preparedness and response: a scoping review to identify key use cases. NPJ Digit Med. 2021;4:96. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-021-00427-2.
  6. 6. El Arab RA, Al Moosa OA. The role of AI in emergency department triage: An integrative systematic review. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2025;79:103567. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iccn.2025.103567.
  7. 7. Yau JY, Saadat S, Hsu E, Suk-ling L, Roh JS, Suchard J, et al. Accuracy of Prospective Assessments of 4 Large Language Model Chatbot Responses to Patient Questions About Emergency Care: Experimental Comparative Study. JMIR. 2024;26:1–15. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/60291.
  8. 8. Tang KJW, Ang CKE, Constantinides T, Rajinikanth V, Acharya UR, Cheong KH. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Emergency Medicine. Biocybern Biomed Eng. 2021;41(1):1-15. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbe.2020.12.001.
  9. 9. Adam H, Balagopalan A, Ghassemi M, Alsentzer E, Christia F. intelligence in emergency decision-making. Nat Commun. 2022. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-022-00214-4.
  10. 10. Morgenstern JD, Rosella LC, Daley MJ, Goel V, Schünemann HJ, Piggott T. "AI's gonna have an impact on everything in society, so it has to have an impact on public health": a fundamental qualitative descriptive study of the implications of artificial intelligence for public health. BMC Public Health. 2021;1–14.
  11. 11. Ouanes K, Farhah N. Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Clinical Decision Support Systems and Care Delivery. J Med Syst. 2024;48(1):74. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-024-02098-4.
  12. 12. Jiang F, Jiang Y, Zhi H, Dong Y, Li H, Ma S, et al. Artificial intelligence in healthcare: past, present and future. Stroke Vasc Neurol. 2017;2(4):230-243.
  13. 13. Paslı S, Sahin AS, Beser MF, Topçuoğlu H, Yadigaroğlu M, Imamoğlu M. Assessing the precision of artificial intelligence in emergency department triage decisions: Insights from a study with ChatGPT. Am J Emerg Med. 2024;72:9-15. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2024.01.001.
  14. 14. Garrido NJ, González-Martínez F, Torres AM, Blasco-Segura P, Losada S, Plaza A, et al. Role of Artificial Intelligence in Identifying Vital Biomarkers with Greater Precision in Emergency Departments During Emerging Pandemics. Int J Mol Sci. 2025;26(1):123. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26010123.
  15. 15. Lovejoy C, Buch V, Maruthappu M. Artificial intelligence in the intensive care unit. Crit Care. 2019;23:7. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-019-2337-9.
  16. 16. De Simone B, Deeken G, Catena F. Balancing Ethics and Innovation: Can Artificial Intelligence Safely Transform Emergency Surgery? A Narrative Perspective. J Clin Med. 2025;14(5):1234. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14051234.
  17. 17. Ali S, Akhlaq F, Imran A, Kastrati Z, Daudpota SM, Moosa M. The enlightening role of explainable artificial intelligence in medical & healthcare domains: A systematic literature review. Comput Biol Med. 2023;164:107486. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107486.
  18. 18. Shaikh A, Saunders J, Khalifa K. Use of Artificial Intelligence in Predicting Outcomes of Emergency Surgical Procedures. Br J Surg. 2025;112(1):1-8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/bjs/znad123.
  19. 19. van de Sande D, van Genderen MV, Huiskens J, Gommers D, van Bommel J. Moving from bytes to bedside: a systematic review on the use of artificial intelligence in the intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med. 2021;47:750-760. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-021-06450-2.

Copyright (c) 2026 INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD)

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Copyright Rights & Permissions Guide

Reproducing Published Material from other Publishers

It is absolutely essential that authors obtain permission to reproduce any published material (figures, schemes, tables or any extract of a text) which does not fall into the public domain, or for which they do not hold the copyright. Permission should be requested by the authors from the copyright holder (usually the Publisher, please refer to the imprint of the individual publications to identify the copyright holder).

Permission is required for:

  1. Your own works published by other Publishers and for which you did not retain copyright.
  2. Substantial extracts from anyones’ works or a series of works.
  3. Use of Tables, Graphs, Charts, Schemes and Artworks if they are unaltered or slightly modified.
  4. Photographs for which you do not hold copyright.

Permission is not required for:

  1. Reconstruction of your own table with data already published elsewhere. Please notice that in this case you must cite the source of the data in the form of either “Data from…” or “Adapted from…”.
  2. Reasonably short quotes are considered fair use and therefore do not require permission.
  3. Graphs, Charts, Schemes and Artworks that are completely redrawn by the authors and significantly changed beyond recognition do not require permission.

Obtaining Permission

In order to avoid unnecessary delays in the publication process, you should start obtaining permissions as early as possible. If in any doubt about the copyright, apply for permission. JNH cannot publish material from other publications without permission.

The copyright holder may give you instructions on the form of acknowledgement to be followed; otherwise follow the style: “Reproduced with permission from [author], [book/journal title]; published by [publisher], [year].’ at the end of the caption of the Table, Figure or Scheme.

Every mansucript should be accompanied by "Copyright Transfer Agreement" prior to the article publication

Dimension Badge

Downloads

Downloads
Crossmark Badge
Crossmark Badge
Section
Articles
Keywords
Artificial Intelligence Emergency Medical Services Patient Safety Clinical Decision Support Systems

Similar Articles

51-60 of 116

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.

Most read articles by the same author(s)