Objectives: This paper attempts to explain the term inequity in public health based on The Rainbow Model introduced by Dahlgreen & Whitehead (1991) and The Social determinant of Health (SDH) framework of the Commision of Social Determinants of Health).
Methods: The author applied a narrative review and examined 29 relevant English literatures and found two themes.
Results: First, Explanation of The Rainbow Model’ introduced by Dahlgreen & Whitehead (1991) and The SDH framework of the Commision of Social Determinants of Health. Second, the perspective of traditional public health emphasizes the proximal determinants while New Public health emphasis on intermediate determinants and distal determinants.
Conclusions: Therefore, as a public health professional need to consider about proximal, intermediate and distal determinant of public health issue.
- World Health Organization.2010. Action on the social determinants of health : learning from previous experiences.
- Keleher H. 2011., Understanding Health, 3rd edn, Oxford University Press, Melbourne.
- Walley J. & Gerein, N 2010, ‘ Maternal, neonatal, and child health’, in Walley, J & Wright, J (eds), Public Health an action guide to improving health, 2nd edn, Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 181-212
- Nettleton S.2006. The Sociology of Health and Illness, 2nd edn, Polity Press, UK.
- Kawachi I, Subramanian S V.2002. Almeida-Filho N. A glossary for health inequalities. Vol. 56, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. p. 647–52.
- Braveman P, Gruskin S. 2003. Defining equity in health. J Epidemiol Community Health. Apr 1;57(4):254–8.
- Baum F.2008. The New Public Health, 3rd edn, Oxford University Press, Melbourne.
- Titaley CR, Hunter CL, Dibley MJ, Heywood P. 2010. Why do some women still prefer traditional birth attendants and home delivery?: A qualitative study on delivery care services in West Java Province, Indonesia. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth.
- Agus Y, Horiuchi S, Porter SE.2012. Rural Indonesia women’s traditional beliefs about antenatal care.
- Ensor T, Quayyum Z, Nadjib M, Sucahya P.2009. Level and determinants of incentives for village midwives in Indonesia. Health Policy Plan.
- Weaver, EH, Frankenberg, E, Fried, BJ, Thomas, D, Wheeler, SB & Paul J.2013. Effect of village midwife program on contraceptive pervalence and method choice in Indonesia. Stud Fam Plann. vol.44(4).page 389–409.
- Shankar & JF.2008. The village-based midwife programme in Indonesia. Lancet. vol.371: page 1226–1229.
- Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). 2011. Country Gender Profile: Indonesia Final Report PPD JR 11-004.
- Akbar, M. I., Rachman, W. O. N. N., & Risky, S. (2020). Factors relating to the performance of health workers in abeli city health center, kendari city: Performance of health workers. Indonesian Journal Of Health Sciences Research And Development (IJHSRD), 2(1), 9-14.
- Gabrysch S, Campbell OMR.2009. Still too far to walk: Literature review of the determinants of delivery service use. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth.
- Novera.2004. Indonesian Postgraduate Students studying in Australia : An examination of their academic, social and cultural experiences. Int Educ J.
- Analen C. 2007.Saving mother’s lives in rural Indonesia’. Buletin of the World Health Organization, vol. 5, no. 10, p. 740
- Akbar, M. I. (2020). Analysis Of The Needs Of General Practitioners In Public Health Centers Using Health Workload Method. Public Health of Indonesia, 6(2), 63-9.
- Suryahadi, A. Yumna, UR. Raya, DMA.2010. Review of Government’s Poverty Reduction Strategies, Policies, and Programs in Indonesia. Research Report, SMERU Research Institute, Jakarta.
- Hatt L, Stanton C, Makowiecka K, Adisasmita A, Achadi E, Ronsmans C. 2007. Did the strategy of skilled attendance at birth reach the poor in Indonesia? Bull World Health Organ. p. 774–82.
- Houweling TAJ, Ronsmans C, Campbell OMR, Kunst AE.2007. Huge poor-rich inequalities in maternity care: An international comparative study of maternity and child care in developing countries. Bull World Health Organ.
- Green A.2010. Health policy and systems’, in Walley, J & Wright, J (eds), Public Health an action guide to improving health, 2nd edn, Oxford University Press, New York, .
- The World Bank. Investing in Indonesian Health : Challenges and opportunities for future public spending. 2008;
- Sharma S. 2003. The Asian Financial Crisis: Crisis, Reform and Recovery, Manchester University Press, Manchester and New York.
- Chandra AC.2011. A Dirty Word? Neo-liberalism in Indonesia’s foreign economic policies. Trade Knowledge Network, Southeast Asia.
- Navarro V. 2009. What we mean by social determinants of health. Int J Heal Serv. Vol. 39, No. 3, p. 423-441
- Desai R. 2012. Introduction to international development : Approaches, Actors, and Issues, 2nd edn, Oxford University Press, Canada. p.46–67.
- Jim Simpson Consultanc.2014. Healthy Partnerships Checklist Empowerment tools-1 Empowering People and Healthy Partnerships [Internet] Available from: www.jimsimpsonconsultancy.co.uk
- UNDP. 2013. Human Development Report 2013 The Rise of the South: Human Progress in a Diverse World. New York, USA
Copyright (c) 2022 INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright Rights & Permissions Guide
Reproducing Published Material from other Publishers
It is absolutely essential that authors obtain permission to reproduce any published material (figures, schemes, tables or any extract of a text) which does not fall into the public domain, or for which they do not hold the copyright. Permission should be requested by the authors from the copyright holder (usually the Publisher, please refer to the imprint of the individual publications to identify the copyright holder).
Permission is required for:
- Your own works published by other Publishers and for which you did not retain copyright.
- Substantial extracts from anyones’ works or a series of works.
- Use of Tables, Graphs, Charts, Schemes and Artworks if they are unaltered or slightly modified.
- Photographs for which you do not hold copyright.
Permission is not required for:
- Reconstruction of your own table with data already published elsewhere. Please notice that in this case you must cite the source of the data in the form of either “Data from…” or “Adapted from…”.
- Reasonably short quotes are considered fair use and therefore do not require permission.
- Graphs, Charts, Schemes and Artworks that are completely redrawn by the authors and significantly changed beyond recognition do not require permission.
Obtaining Permission
In order to avoid unnecessary delays in the publication process, you should start obtaining permissions as early as possible. If in any doubt about the copyright, apply for permission. JNH cannot publish material from other publications without permission.
The copyright holder may give you instructions on the form of acknowledgement to be followed; otherwise follow the style: “Reproduced with permission from [author], [book/journal title]; published by [publisher], [year].’ at the end of the caption of the Table, Figure or Scheme.
Every mansucript should be accompanied by "Copyright Transfer Agreement" prior to the article publication
Similar Articles
- Septiadi Rasyid, La Ode Saafi, Erwin Azizi Jayadipraja, THE RELATIONSHIP OF KNOWLEDGE AND SUPPORT OF HEALTH WORKERS WITH THE ACHIEVEMENT OF LATRINE USING IN TIRAWUTA SUB-DISTRICT, EAST KOLAKA DISTRICT: ACHIEVEMENT OF LATRINE , INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD): Vol. 3 No. 2 (2021): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- Tasnim Tasnim, Ratnasari, Fandy Gatra, The Effect Of Health Education Using Video To Increase Community Knowledge And Attitude Regarding Hypertension Diseases In Terebino Village: Health Education Using Video , INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD): Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- Shintia Perdana, Helmizar , Azrimaidaliza, THE THE EFFECT OF MANJUJAI-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL STIMULATION EDUCATION USING ANIMATED VIDEO ON THE KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE OF MOTHERS WITH CHILDREN AGED 6–24 MONTHS : PSYCHOSOCIAL STIMULATION EDUCATION , INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD): Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- Noviati Noviati, Muhammad Ramdan, Abdul Rahim Sya`ban, Juslan, The Mobilization Of Metal Elements Against The Incidence Of Dermatitis Is Seen From Community Knowledge In The Mining Circle In Amonggedo Sub-District, Konawe District : Dermatitis Is Seen From Community Knowledge , INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD): Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- Lilis Setyowati, Nur Aini, Ollyvia Freeska Dwi Marta, Erma Wahyu Mashfufa, Aditya Anggriawan, ANALYSIS OF THE RECURRENCE OF STROKE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG HOSPITAL: RECURRENCE OF STROKE , INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD): Vol. 3 No. 2 (2021): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- Armayani Armayani, Faridah Mohd Said, Nisha Nambiar , Ratna Umi Nurlila, The Effect Of Brain Gym For Kognitif Function In Elderly Kendari City Healtyh Center: Brain Gym For Kognitif Function , INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD): Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- Yozha Ofalitna, Idral Purnakarya, Azrimaidaliza, ANALYSIS OF DETERMINANTS OF WASTING INCIDENCE AMONG CHILDREN AGED 12–59 MONTHS IN THE WORKING AREA OF KAYU GADANG PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER IN 2025 : WASTING INCIDENCE AMONG CHILDREN , INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD): Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- Jumriah Abdullah, Tasnim Tasnim, La Banudi, COMPARATIVE STUDY OF KNOWLEDGE AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT FOR ADOLESCENTS WHICH INFORMATION PROGRAMS AND TEENAGER COUNSELING ABOUT EARLY MARRIAGE IN STATE HIGH SCHOOLS IN KONAWE KEPULAUAN DISTRICT: EARLY MARRIAGE , INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD): Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- Zanuma Zanuma, Timbul Supodo, Sanihu Munir, Anry Hariadhin Depu, THE EFFECT OF LEAFLET AND VIDEO METHODS OF HEALTH COUNSELING ABOUT INNECTICIDED GAMBUS IN MABODO PRIMARY HEALTH CARE: HEALTH COUNSELING , INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD): Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- Auliya Ul-Humami, Dien Gusta Anggraini Nursal, Ratno Widoyo, THE RISK FACTORS FOR WASTING IN CHILDREN AGED 24–59 MONTHS IN RURAL AREAS OF WEST SUMATRA PROVINCE: ANALYSIS OF SKI 2023 DATA : WASTING IN CHILDREN AGED 24–59 MONTHS , INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD): Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.





