Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Neonatal sepsis is a systemic infection occurring in neonatal life and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in newborns .It accounts for five million newborn deaths
Objectives:- The objective of this study was to assess Prevalence of neonatal sepsis and its determinant factors among neonates admitted in Hiwot-Fana Specialized Referral Hospital, Harar, Ethiopia, 2020
Methods: An institution based cross-sectional study with retrospective document review method was conducted in Hiwot-Fana Specialized Referral Hospital in Harar town. Sample size was calculated by using single population proportion sample formula and the final sample size was 292.The study subject was selected by using systematic random sampling method, and adopted data collection tool was used. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version-20. Descriptive analyses were performed and bivariate analyses were used to find out the association of independent variables.
Result: The overall prevalence of neonatal sepsis in this study was 52.7%..This study found out that PROM of the mother, gestational age of neonates and birth weight of the neonate were significantly associated with neonatal sepsis..
Conclusion: The associated risk factors for neonatal sepsis were identified as PROM of the mother, gestational age of neonates and birth weight of the neonate.
Recommendation:Therefore, preventive efforts should focus on high risk neonates such as neonates born from mothers who have PROM, neonate with low birth weight and neonates born prematurely. Thus, a careful monitoring and follow up as well as rigorous treatment are needed.
Keywords
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
- Simonsen KA, Anderson-Berry AL, Delair SF, Davies HD. Early-onset neonatal sepsis. Clinical microbiology reviews. 2014;27(1):21-47.
- Cizmeci MN, Kara S, Kanburoglu MK, Simavli S, Duvan CI, Tatli MM. Detection of cord blood hepcidin levels as a biomarker for early-onset neonatal sepsis. Medical hypotheses. 2014;82(3):310-2.
- Adhikari NK, Fowler RA, Bhagwanjee S, Rubenfeld GD. Critical care and the global burden of critical illness in adults. The Lancet. 2010;376(9749):1339-46.
- Berardi A, Cattelani C, Creti R, Berner R, Pietrangiolillo Z, Immaculada M, et al. Group B streptococcal infections in the newborn infant and the potential value of maternal vaccination. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. [Internet] 2015; 13(11) .
- UNICEF (2014). Committing to Child Survival: A Promise Renewed pp.1-102. https://data.unicef.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/APR-2014-17Oct14-web_194.pdf
- Central statistical Agency (CSA) and Ethiopian Demographic health survey Addis Ababa Ethiopia, 2016.
- Alkema L, New JR, Pedersen J, You D. Child mortality estimation 2013: an overview ofupdates in estimation methods by the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation. PloS one. 2014;9(7):e101112.
- Moges F, Eshetie S, Yeshitela B, Abate E. Bacterial etiologic agents causing neonatal sepsis and associated risk factors in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC pediatrics. 2017;17(1):137.
- Gebremedhin D, Berhe H, Gebrekirstos K. Risk factors for neonatal sepsis in public hospitals of Mekelle City, North Ethiopia, 2015: unmatched case control study. PloS one. 2016;11(5):e0154798.
- Tewabe T, Mohammed S, Tilahun Y, Melaku B, Fenta M, Dagnaw T, et al. Clinical outcome and risk factors of neonatal sepsis among neonates in Felege Hiwot referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Amhara Regional State, North West Ethiopia 2016: a retrospective chart review. BMC research notes. 2017;10(1):265.
- Leal YA, Álvarez-Nemegyei J, Velázquez JR, Rosado-Quiab U, Diego-Rodríguez N, Paz- Baeza E, et al. Risk factors and prognosis for neonatal sepsis in southeastern Mexico: analysis of a four-year historic cohort follow-up. BMC pregnancy and childbirth. 2012;12(1):48.
- Wang ME, Patel AB, Hansen NI, Arlington L, Prakash A, Hibberd PL. Risk factors for possible serious bacterial infection in a rural cohort of young infants in central India. BMC public health. 2016;16(1):1097.
- Santhanam S, Arun S, Rebekah G, Ponmudi NJ, Chandran J, Jose R, et al. Perinatal Risk Factors for Neonatal Early-onset Group B Streptococcal Sepsis after Initiation of Risk-based Maternal Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis—A Case Control Study. Journal of tropical pediatrics. 2017;64(4):312-6.
- John B DM, Mathias L, Elizabeth N:. Risk factors and practices contributing to newborn sepsis in a rural district of Eastern Uganda, August 2013: a cross sectional study . BMC research notes 2015, 8:339.
- Aytenew G, Mihret A, Endashaw F, Tomas Y. Prevalence of Neonatal Sepsis and Associated Factors among Neonates in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Selected Governmental Hospitals in Shashemene Town, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, 2017; Hindawi International Journal of Pediatrics Volume 2018, Article ID 7801272, 7
- M. Rakhsha, L. Pourali, S. Ayati , H.Boskabadi, K.Kazemi, M.TS.“Effective Maternal and Neonatal Factors Associated with the Prognosis of Preterm Infants in Iran Patient SafQualImprov,” 2016.
- Woldu MA, Guta MB, Lenjisa JL, Tegegne GT , Tesafye G , Dinsa H.Assessment of the Incidence of Neonatal Sepsis, its Risk Factors, Antimicrobials Use and Clinical Outcomes in Bishoftu General Hospital, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Debrezeit–Ethiopia. Pediat Therapeut. 2014;4(3):214
- Getabelew A, Aman M, Fantaye E, Yeheyis T. Prevalence of neonatal sepsis and associated factors among neonates in neonatal intensive care unit at selected governmental hospitals in Shashemene Town, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, 2017. Int J Pediatr. 2018.
- Evelyn M, Andreas C, Fanny L, Seraphin N, Jean B, Hyppolyte S,et al. “Neonatalmortality in a referral hospital in Cameroon over a seven yearperiod: Trends, associated factors and causes,” African HealthSciences, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 985–992, 2014.
- Verma P, Berwal PK, Nagaraj N, Swami S, Jivaji P, Narayan S. Neonatal sepsis: epidemiology, clinical spectrum, recent antimicrobial agents and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Int J Contemp Pediatrics. 2017;2(3):176–80.
- Le Geyt J, Hauck S. G272 epidemiological trends of neonatal sepsis in a county referral hospital in Central Kenya; 2016
- Jabiri A, Wella HL, Semiono A, Saria A, Protas J. Prevalence and factors associated with neonatal sepsis among neonates in Temeke and Mwananyamala Hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Tanzania J Health Res. 2016;18(4).
- E. M. R. Shehab El-Din, M. M. A. El-Sokkary,M. R. Bassiouny, and R.Hassan, “Epidemiology of neonatal sepsis and implicated pathogens:AStudy fromEgypt,” BioMed Research International, vol. 2015, Article ID 509484, 2015.
- D. Shitaye, D. Asrat, Y. Woldeamanuel, and B. Worku, “Risk factors and etiology of neonatal sepsis in Tikur Anbessa University Hospital, Ethiopia.,” Ethiopian Medical Journal, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 11–21, 2010.
- Dal-Bó K, Silva RM, Sakae TM. Nosocomial infections in a neonatal intensive care unit in South Brazil. Rev Bras Ter Intensiva. 2012;24(4):381–5.
- Gebremedhin D, Berhe H, Gebrekirstos K. Risk factors for neonatal sepsis in public hospitals of Mekelle City, North Ethiopia, 2015: unmatched case control study. PLoSONE. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154798
- René OP, Juan C L, Moisés Q, Miguel ÁV, Elba PA, Edith AB. Early neonatal sepsis, incidence and associated riskfactors in a public hospital in western Mexico. Revistachilena de infectologia: organooficial de la SociedadChilena de Infectologia. 2015;32(4):387–392.