Article Sidebar

Submitted
Jun 6, 2021
Accepted
Jun 16, 2021
Published
Jun 19, 2022
Download
pdf
Statistic
Read Counter : 752 Download : 537

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Main Article Content

Abstract

Background: Students or health workforces who are interested in understanding social epidemiology are required to have an adequate competency of research. This paper aimed to describe about the difference between quantitative and qualitative methodological approach in social epidemiology and types epidemiological study.


Methods: Method applied was a narrative review to  28 English Text books, 2 Grey Literatures and 3 supported articles as example. All of these literatures have been reviewed based on key concept according to the purpose of this paper.


Results: The basic premise or paradigm underpinning quantitative and qualitative methodology is related to their ontology and epistemology. Quantitative research or ‘the science of number” is based on the ontology of “objectivism” and the epistemology of “positivist or realist or functional or naturalism or logical empiricism while Qualitative research or “the word science” is based on the ontology of “constructivism” and the epistemology of ‘interpretivism. Study in epidemiology is divided into two parts that are, observational studies and experimental studies. Types of observational studies are descriptive study and analytic such as cross sectional, case control study and cohort while its counterparts are randomized control trials (RCT), field trials, and community trials.


Conclusion: Quantitative and Qualitative  approach  in research in social epidemiology  is classified based on their ontology and epistemology. There are two studies in epidemiology, namely, observational study (descriptive and analysis) and experimental study.

Keywords

Social Epidemiology Quantitative Qualitative Observational Experimental

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

How to Cite
Lelan Takaeb, A. E. (2022). UNDERSTANDING RESEARCH METHODS FOR SOCIAL EPIDEMIOLOGY: A NARRATIVE REVIEW: RESEARCH METHODS. INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD), 3(2), 59–65. https://doi.org/10.36566/ijhsrd/Vol3.Iss2/91

References

  1. Berkman, LF &Kawachi, I 2000, ‘A historical framework for social epidemiology’, in Berkman, LF &Kawachi, I, Social Epidemiology, Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 3-12
  2. Joss, N &Keleher, H 2011, ‘Competencies and careers in Public Health and Health Promotion’, in Keleher & MacDougall (ed.), Understanding Health, 3rd edn, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, pp. 299-310
  3. Kumar, R 2014, Research methodology: a step-by-step guide for beginners, 4thedn, Sage Publication
  4. Grix, J 2002,‘Introducing students to the generic terminology of social research’, Politics, vol.22, no. 3, pp. 175-186.
  5. Liamputtong, P 2013, ‘The science of words and the science of numbers; Research methods as foundation for evidence based practice in health’, in Liamputtong, P (ed.), Research Methods in Health, 2nd edn, Oxford University Press, Australia & New Zealand, pp. 3-23
  6. Tracy,S 2013, Qualitative research methods, Wiley-Blackwell, UK
  7. Broom, A & Wills, E 2007, ‘Competing paradigms and Health Research’, in Saks, M. &Allsop, J,Researching Health: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods, 1st edn, Sage Publications, pp. 16-31
  8. Creswell, JW 2009, Research Design, Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Approaches, 2ndedn, Sage Publication.
  9. Creswell, JW 2003, Educational Research, Planning, conducting, and evaluating Qualitative, Quantitative reserarch, 2ndedn, Pearson Merrill Prentice Hall.
  10. Calnan, M 2007,‘Quantitative survey methods in health research’, in Saks, M. &Allsop, J,Researching Health: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods, 1st edn, Sage Publications, pp. 174-196
  11. Issel, ML 2009, Health Program Planning and Evaluation: A Practical Systematic Approach for Community health, 3rdedn, Jones and Bartlett Learning, Burlington MA.
  12. Schofield, MJ & Forrester – Knauss, C 2013, ‘Survey and questionnaires in health research’, in Liamputtong, P (ed.), Research Methods in Health, 2nd edn, Oxford University Press, Australia & New Zealand, pp. 198-218
  13. Liamputtong, P 2009, Qualitative Research Methods, 3rdedn, Oxford University Press, Australia & New Zealand.
  14. Alaszewski, A 2007, ‘Using document in health research’, in Saks, M. &Allsop, J, Researching Health: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods, 1st edn, Sage Publications, pp. 57-75
  15. Green, J 2007, ‘The use of focus group discussion in research into health’, in Saks, M. &Allsop, J, Researching Health: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods, 1st edn, Sage Publications, pp. 112-132
  16. Davidson, P, Halcomb, EJ &Gholizadeh, L 2013, ‘Focus Group in health research’, in Liamputtong, P (ed.), Research Methods in Health, 2nd edn, Oxford University Press, Australia & New Zealand, pp. 54-71
  17. Low, J 2007, ‘Unstructured interview and health research’, in Saks, M. &Allsop, J, Researching Health: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods, 1st edn, Sage Publications, pp. 75-91
  18. Serry, T &Liamputtong, P 2013, ‘The in-depth interviewing method in health’, in Liamputtong, P (ed.), Research Methods in Health, 2nd edn, Oxford University Press, Australia & New Zealand, pp. 39-53
  19. Hughes, D 2007, ‘Participant observation in health research’, in Saks, M. &Allsop, J, Researching Health: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods, 1st edn, Sage Publications, pp. 92-111
  20. Furlong, M 2013, ‘’Clear at a distance, Jumbled up close’ ; Observation, Immersion, and Reflection in the process that is creative research’, in Liamputtong, P (ed.), Research Methods in Health, 2nd edn, Oxford University Press, Australia & New Zealand, pp. 144-158
  21. Bonita, R, Beaglehole, R &Kjellstrom, T 2006, Basic epidemiology 2nd edition, WHO, Geneva
  22. World Health Organization 2010, Action on the social determinants of health : Learning from previous experiences, Geneva
  23. Commission on Social Determinant of Health 2008, Closing the gap in a generation: health equity through action on the social determinants of health, Geneva
  24. Baum, F 2008, The New Public Health, 3rd edn, Oxford University Press, Melbourne
  25. Gribich, C 2013, ‘Integrated methods in health research’, in Liamputtong, P (ed.), Research Methods in Health, 2nd edn, Oxford University Press, Australia & New Zealand, pp. 311-322
  26. Taket, A 2013, ‘The use of mixed methods in health research’, in Liamputtong, P (ed.), Research Methods in Health, 2nd edn, Oxford University Press, Australia & New Zealand, pp. 323-343
  27. Tritter, J 2007, ‘Mixed Methods and Multidisciplinary research in health care’, in Saks, M. &Allsop, J,Researching Health: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods, 1st edn, Sage Publications, pp. 301-318
  28. Siriwardena, AN 2007, ‘Experimental Methods in Health research’, in Saks, M. &Allsop, J,Researching Health: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods, 1st edn, Sage Publications, pp. 246-264
  29. Graham, M 2013, ‘How do we know what we know in health research’, in Liamputtong, P (ed.), Research Methods in Health, 2nd edn, Oxford University Press, Australia & New Zealand, pp. 219-233
  30. Akinleye, SO, Falade, CO &Ajayi, IO 2009, 'Knowledge and utilization of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in primary health care centers in rural southwest, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study', BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, vol. 9, p. 28.
  31. Evjen-Olsen, B, Hinderaker, SG, Lie, RT, Bergsjo, P, Gasheka, P &Kvale, G 2008, 'Risk factors for maternal death in the highlands of rural northern Tanzania: a case-control study', BMC Public Health, vol. 8, p. 52.
  32. Landorf, KB 2013, ‘Clinical Trials ; the good, the bad and the ugly’, in Liamputtong, P (ed.), Research Methods in Health, 2nd edn, Oxford University Press, Australia & New Zealand, pp. 234-248
  33. Mullany, BC, Becker, S &Hindin, MJ 2007, 'The impact of including husbands in antenatal health education services on maternal health practices in urban Nepal: results from a randomized controlled trial', Health Educ Res, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 166-76.